Importancia cultural de la flora empleada por la comunidad nativa Asheninka Sheremashe, Ucayali, Perú / Cultural importance of the flora used by the Asheninka Sheremashe native community, Ucayali, Peru

The cultural significance of the flora used by the native Asheninka Sheremashe community in Ucayali, Peru was determined. To do this, a fieldwork of over 4 months was conducted, involving semi-structured interviews with 106 residents through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. The community utilizes 139 plant species in their daily lives, belonging to 120 genera and 52 families, with the most abundant being Fabaceae, Arecaceae, Malvaceae, Solanaceae, Poaceae, and Rutaceae. Furthermore, 25.9% of the species are of significant importance to theinhabitants according to the Cultural Index (CI), such as Manihot esculenta, Theobroma cacao, Bixa orellana, Musa paradisiaca, Ficus insipida, among others. It can be concluded that the flora plays a prominent role in the life of the community, with the categories reporting the highest number of species being: food (29.35%), medicine (28.36%), culture (9.95%), construction (9.45%), lumber (6.97%), commerce (3.48%), craftsmanship (2.49%), toxic (2.49%), and other uses (7.46%)

Se determinó la importancia cultural de la flora empleada por la comunidad nativa Asheninka Sheremashe, en Ucayali, Perú. Para ello, se realizó un trabajo de campo de más de 4 meses, donde se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a 106 habitantes mediante un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. La comunidad emplea 139 especies vegetales en su día a día, pertenecientes a 120 géneros y 52 familias; siendo las más abundantes las Fabaceae, Arecaceae, Malvaceae, Solanaceae, Poaceae y Rutaceae. Además, el 25.9% de las especies tiene gran importancia para los pobladores según el Índice Cultural (IC): Manihot esculenta, Theobroma cacao, Bixa orellana, Musa paradisiaca, Ficus insipida, entre otras. Se concluye que la flora tiene un rol preponderante en la vida de la comunidad, siendo las categorías que presentaron mayor reporte de especies: alimentación (29.35%), medicina (28.36%), cultura (9.95%), construcción (9.45%), aserrío (6.97%), comercio (3.48%), artesanía (2.49%), tóxico (2.49%) y otros usos (7.46%)

Physical Activity, Sleep, and Demographic Patterns in Alaska Native Children and Youth Living in Anaktuvuk Pass.

Physical activity (PA), sleep, and weight are important factors for youth health. However, data about these factors are unknown in youth living in isolated Alaska Native communities. This study aims to assess PA, sleep, height and weight in elementary through high school students living in Anaktuvuk Pass. Fourteen children (<12) and 24 youths (12-20) volunteered to participate in this study. PA and sleep data were collected with actigraphy. Height and weight were assessed with standard procedures. Demographics were collected via survey. Results show that 10.53% and 18.42% of participants were overweight and obese, respectively. Average bedtime was 00:15 am and wake time 08:23 am. Total sleep time was 498.21 min. Participants averaged 477.64 min in sedentary activity, 297.29 min in light activity, 150.66 min in moderate activity, and 18.05 min in vigorous activity. Adjusted models suggest that high school students engage in significantly more sedentary activity, and significantly less light, moderate, and vigorous activity compared to those in middle and elementary school. All students engaged in less moderate and vigorous activity on the weekend compared to the weekday. Data suggest that as children age they become more sedentary. Future studies should focus on increasing daily PA in high school students while considering other obesogenic factors.

Pulmonary Paragonimiasis in Native Community, Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador, 2022.

Paragonimiasis is a food-borne infection caused by several species of the Paragonimus fluke. Clinical manifestations can mimic tuberculosis and contribute to diagnostic delay. We report a cluster of paragonimiasis in a community in Ecuador, where active surveillance was set up after detection of the first 2 cases.

Engaging Members of a Northern Plains Indian Reservation to Promote Community Responsive Health Care.

This article describes a project to engage community members and to determine how a school nurse-community partnership could improve healthcare equity within an American Indian community. The purpose of this community-building project was to establish a relationship among school nurse practitioners, children, and their community in a Northern Plains Indian reservation using a Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) model. CBPR requires a partnership between community members and school nurses in prioritizing community needs, developing an appropriate intervention, and engaging the community throughout the intervention project process. Partnering with teachers and the community, we engaged 78 students in a year-long project in which children depicted their perceptions of well-being and wellness through bimonthly art activities. This project laid the groundwork for a strong community partnership with school nurses in addressing the well-being of children and the further exploration of community needs.

The exotic species Senecio inaequidens pays the price for arriving late in temperate European grassland communities.

The exotic South African ragwort (Senecio inaequidens DC.) rapidly spread across Central Europe after its introduction, but we still do not know to what extent its timing of arrival in a plant community (i.e. before or after natives) and the composition of the native community being invaded affect (1) its capacity to invade a European grassland, (2) the performance of the native species, and (3) the direction and strength of priority effects. In a greenhouse experiment, we manipulated the timing of arrival of the exotic species (Senecio) and the composition of the native community to test the influence of these factors on the productivity and N content of exotic and native species. We also investigated if the plant species origin (native or exotic) and the native community composition affected the benefit of arriving early and the cost of arriving late in the community. The establishment success of Senecio strongly depended on its timing of arrival in a grassland community. Senecio benefited more from arriving early than did the natives. The presence of legumes in the community did not favour invasion by Senecio. When natives arrived later than Senecio, however, priority effects were weaker when legumes were part of the native community. Our results showed that inhibitory priority effects created by natives can lower the risk of invasion by Senecio. An early arrival of this species at a site with low native species abundance is a scenario that could favour invasion.

La correcta técnica de lactancia materna: Experiencia SERUMS en un caserío mestizo y una comunidad nativa de la selva / The correct breastfeeding technique: SERUMS experience in a mestizo farmhouse and a native jungle community

Objetivo: Mejorar la Técnica de Lactancia Materna en las mujeres del Caserío Mestizo Bella Flor y Comunidad Nativa Caimito.Materiales y Métodos: Estudio de Intervención Educativa tipo Sesión Educativa (Antes y Después) en las mujeres en edad fértil. Se utilizó material didáctico (trípticos, rotafolios y material audiovisual); además, de un taller participativo. Obtención evidencia fotográfica para evaluar la correcta técnica de Lactancia Materna, incidiendo en los lazos de apego y relación de intimidad entre madres e hijos. Resultados: Se obtuvo la participación voluntaria en el Caserío Bella Flor del 64,7% y en la Comunidad Nativa Caimito 55,6% de mujeres en edad fértil. Se evidencia un conocimiento incorrecto y erróneo sobre la Técnica de Lactancia Materna en el 100% de las mujeres que participaron de ambas poblaciones. Conclusión: Aumento del conocimiento sobre la Técnica Correcta de Lactancia Materna en las mujeres de la Comunidad Nativa Caimito y del Caserío Bella Flor (antes y después de la Sesión). Además, se observa un mayor grado de compromiso, paciencia por parte de las madres hacía con sus hijos, se evidencia un mayor interés, lazo de apego y relación de intimidad entre madres e hijos durante el periodo de lactancia.(AU)

Flora etnoodontológica de las comunidades indígenas embera del Atrato Medio antioqueño / Ethno-dentistry flora of the embera indigenous communities from Antioquia’s Medio Atrato region

Introducción: entre los espacios de uso y manejo de la sucesión de bosque hecho por los embera que habitan ecosistemas húmedos tropicales del Chocó biogeográfico se encuentran una serie de plantas de uso odontológico. Métodos: para ello se partióde técnicas de investigación etnográfica que se complementaron con registro fotográfico, toma de muestras botánicas, formatos, notas de campo e identificación taxonómica. Resultados: este trabajo muestra a manera de inventario la composición florística yalgunos apuntes etnobotánicos acerca de las especies identificadas y reconocidas por las comunidades indígenas del Atrato Medio que presentan un valor medicinal cultural en la salud oral de este grupo étnico; entre los que se destacan cinco especies, tres géneros de diferentes formas de crecimiento y dos familias, las cuales son usadas en prevención bucal. Conclusiones: este trabajo pudoconstatar, a manera de conclusión, cómo este tipo de prácticas odontológicas, como un conocimiento ancestral asociado a ellas, se viene perdiendo especialmente entre la gente joven e incluso adulta de estas etnias.

Introduction: the forest areas traditionally used and managed by the embera native communities living in thebiogeographic Chocó’s tropical rainforests ecosystems contain several plants of dental use. Methods: this study used ethnographic research approaches supported by photographs, botanical samples, forms, field work notes, and taxonomic identification. Results:in the form of an inventory, this work presents the floristic composition and some ethno-botanic notes on the species identified and recognized by the native communities from the Medio Atrato river region which have a medical/cultural value for the oral health of this ethnic group; five species are especially important: three genera of different growing patterns and two families, which are used in preventive oral health. Conclusions: this study allowed concluding that the aforementioned dental practices, and the ancestral knowledge connected to them, are being gradually forgotten, especially by young people but even by the adult membersof these ethnic groups.